The origin and development of packaging

　　Carton packaging is an old and modern topic, and it is also a subject that people are studying and exploring from the beginning to the end. From the ancient primitive society, farming era, to the modern society with very developed scientific skills, packaging follows the evolution of human beings, the presentation of products, the development of production and the advancement of scientific skills and gradually developed, and constantly onset of a major breakthrough. From a general point of view, packaging has roughly gone through the original packaging, traditional packaging and modern packaging three stages of development.

First, the original packaging

　　The history of human use of packaging can be traced back to ancient times. As early as about 10,000 years ago in the late primitive society, following the progress of production skills, production has been developed, there are remaining items to be stored and exchanged, so the beginning of the original packaging. At the beginning, people kudzu tied up hunting things, wrapped with plant leaves, shells, animal skins and other items, which is the embryo of the development of the original packaging. In the future, following the progress of labor skills, people with plant fibers and other manufacturing the most primitive baskets, baskets, fire calcined stone, clay made of clay pots, clay bowls and clay irrigation, etc., used to hold, save food, drinks and other items, so that the convenience of packaging delivery, storage and storage functions to get the beginning of perfection. This is the ancient packaging, that is, the original packaging.

Second, the traditional packaging

　　About 5000 BC, mankind began to enter the bronze age. 4,000 years ago in China’s Xia Dynasty, our people have been able to exercise bronze, the Shang and Zhou period bronze exercise skills to further develop. During the Spring and Autumn and Warring States period, people mastered the skills of cast iron and steel making and lacquer painting skills, iron containers and painted wooden containers were presented in large numbers. In ancient Egypt, 3000 B.C. began to blow glass containers. Therefore, with ceramic, glass, wood, metal processing a variety of packaging containers have a thousand-year history, many of these skills through continuous improvement and development, has been used to the present.

　　As early as the Han Dynasty, 105 BC Cai Lun invented clear paper making. In 61 A.D., China’s papermaking technology spread to Japan through Goryeo; the 13th century to Europe, Germany was the first to build a larger paper mill. 11 century, China’s Bi Sheng developed clear movable type printing. 15 century, Europe began to present the movable type printing, packaging printing and packaging decoration industry began to develop. 16 century, the European ceramic industry began to develop; the United States built a glass factory, began to produce a variety of glass containers. The United States built a glass factory and began to produce a variety of glass containers. So far, the packaging industry with ceramics, glass, wood, metal and other primary materials began to develop, the modern traditional packaging began to modern packaging over.

Third, modern packaging

　　Since the 16th century, due to the rapid development of industrial production, especially the industrial revolution in Europe in the 19th century, greatly promoted the development of the packaging industry, thus laying the foundation for the occurrence and establishment of modern packaging industry and packaging technology.

　　At the end of the 18th century, French scientists developed a clear sterilization method of packaging and storage of food, leading to the early 19th century presented a glass food cans and tinplate food cans, so that the rapid development of food packaging science. Into the 19th century, the packaging industry began to develop comprehensively, in 1800 the mechanism of wooden boxes presented, in 1814 Britain presented the first long network paper machine, in 1818 tin-plated metal cans presented, in 1856, the United States invented a clear corrugated paper, in 1860 Europe made bag-making machine, in 1868 the United States invented the first composition of plastic bags – – celluloid, in 1890, the first plastic bags. -Celluloid, in 1890 the U.S. Railroad Yard Transportation Committee began to recognize corrugated boxes as the official transport packaging containers.

　　Into the 20th century, the rapid development of science and technology, new materials, new skills continue to present, polyethylene, paper, glass, aluminum foil, a variety of plastics, composite materials and other packaging materials are widely used, aseptic packaging, shockproof packaging, anti-theft packaging, security packaging, combination packaging, composite packaging and other skills are increasingly sophisticated, from many aspects to strengthen the function of packaging.

　　Since the middle and end of the 20th century, international trade has been developing rapidly, packaging has been the focus of countries around the world, about 90% of the products need to pass through different degrees, different types of packaging, packaging has become an important and indispensable link in the process of production and flow of products. Now, electronic skills, laser skills, microwave skills are widely used in the packaging industry, packaging planning to complete the computer-aided planning (CAD), packaging production also completed mechanization and automated production.

　　The development of the packaging industry and skills to promote the formation of packaging science research and packaging science. Packaging discipline covers physics, chemistry, biology, humanities, art and other aspects of knowledge, belongs to the interspersed group of disciplines in the general science, it organically absorb, integrate the new theories of different disciplines, new materials, new skills and new processes, from the point of view of systems engineering to solve the product maintenance, storage, delivery and promotion of sales and other general problems in the process of circulation. The classification of packaging disciplines is relatively diverse, generally classified as packaging materials, packaging delivery, packaging technology, packaging planning, packaging management, packaging decoration, packaging testing, packaging machinery and other sub-disciplines. Now, more than 40 colleges and universities in China have opened packaging engineering majors, packaging talent team is growing.